System of electric regulation.



No. 837,231; PATENTED NOV. 27, 1906. J. BHUR. SYSTEM OF ,ELEGT RIGREGULATION.

APPLICATION FILED PEB.17, 1905.

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PATENTED' NOV. 27, 1906.

' J. BIJUR.

SYSTEM OF ELECTRIC REGULATION.

APPLIUATION FILED PEB.17, 1905.

3 SHEETS-.SHEBT 2,

PATENTED NOV. 27

J. BIJUR. SYSTEM OF ELECTRIC REGULATION.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.17, 1905.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3,

5 cross? 3 portion of the lower part having been broken 'rn. ra'rns earJoanna anon, or new roan, n. r, ASSIGNOR 'ro THE GENERAL STORAGE BATTERYCOMPANY, or new roan, N. Y., A conro- BATION OFNEW roan.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 27, 1906.

Drigihal applications filed September 24, 1904:, Serial Nos. 225,745 and225,7 l6. Divided and this application filed February 17, 1906. Serial110,246,077.

' Electric Regulation, of whi'hh the following is To all. whom it mayconcern.-

Be it known thatl, Josnrn BIJUR,aGitlZGI1 .o ffthe United States, and aresident of the horough of Manhattan, city, county, and

State of New York, have invented certainv new and useful Improvements inSystems of ajspecification, accompanied by drawings. This application inso far as it relates to :Figures 1 to 7, inclusive, is a division of mycopending application, Serial, No. 225,745, filed September'24, 19%, andin so far as it relates to-Figs. 8 to 11, inclusive, this a pliicationrelates to a batteries or other suitable sources of auxi ary supply areusedin addition to'the'generating dyname, and an auxiliary dynamoisprovided tocause the battery to charge ordischarge asonly as,

and connectlons for the electromagnetlc conthe external load decreasesor increases. The voltage of the auxiliary dynamo is made to vary indirection and amount, or both, as the voltage requirements of the systemmay necessitate. l i

The objects of the invention ar to maintain a. substantially constantload on the generating-dynamo with a fluctuating external load and toimprove upon the means for varylng with'the external load. 1 I To theseends the invention consists oi'the system of regulation, apparatus, anddevices for earrynn out the aboveobjectsmonsisting oi the com inationsof elements, features of construction, and arrangement of parts hav ingthegeneral mode of operation substandlaimed, in this specification andshownin the accompanying drawingain wh1ch- Fig. 1. is a diagrammaticview of circuits troller used in connection with the system, thecontroller also being shown diagrammatically and partly in section. Fig.2 is a vertical sectional side view of the controller, a

the voltage of the auxiliary dynamo" hereinafter fully described and"lower portion of the controller, which portion carries the resistances.Fig. 5 is a detail vertical side view, partly in section, of the lowerportion of the controller corresponding to Fig. 7. Fig. 6 is a'detailface view of the; contacts or segments for one of the resist- 6o ancesto which the sections of said resistance are connected. Fig. 7 is anenlarged detail view of the adj ustingdevice for adjusting the tensionof the controller-spring. Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic view of amodificaticn with someof the iron parts of the controller removed; Fig.9 is a side elevation of the regulator. Fig. 10 is an end elevation ofthe same. Fig. llis a plan view.

Referring to the drawings, and at first .70 more particularly to Fig. 1,A represents a "suitable dynamo or source of supply connected to themains b and 2, while the work ortion of the system carrying the externaload i .is represented by the conductors (land 6'. In; this instance theload is represented by the. lamps f by way of illustration. Connected"across the mainslis shown a storage battery. B, in series with which isarranged the arms} ture of the aunrliarydynamo-O, the field D of 8bwhich is connected tobe varied both indirec- .tion and amount by theelectromagnetic controller (represented by E,) whichcontrols theresistances R R, connected in circuit with the field-winding D of dynamoC. The con .8 5 troller is so connected as to be indirectly responsiveto chan es in. the external load of y lamps f or other e lectroreceptivedevices. Theresistances R Rmav'be connected to any suitable source ofexciting-current; but go in. this] instance. they are shown connectedtive and positive sides ofthe generator .A.--.r.

The terminals of the field-winding D of dyes-1.

mo (3 are connected by wires? and 8 -to; the.

re the construction shown.

When the brushes are in the lower position,

as shown, the brush 10 will be at the same potential as the ositive sideof the source of supply A, whi e brush 9 will have the potential of thenegative side and there will be between these two brushes the fullvoltage of the source of exciting-current for the field D, the currentpassing from the positive brush of dynamo A, through the main 1) by wire6, through terminal 2 of resistance R to brush 10, from thence by Wire 8to and through the field D, returning by wire 7 to brush 9, to terminal2 ofresistan'ce R, and by wire 4 back to the. negative main andthenegative brush 2 5 of dynamo A. r

When the brushes are in the uppermost position, brush 9 willbe ofpositive polarit and brush negative, in which case the in lvoltage willbelmpressed upon. the brushes 9 and 10,'but in a reverse direction, thecurrent then passing fromt'helpositive brush of the dynamo y wire 3tobrus 1 9, thence by wire 7 through field D, andback by wire 8 to brush10, and from thence by wire 5 to the negative side of dynamoA.

When the brushes 9 and 10 are on the-middle portions of the series ofcontacts 12 and 13, there will. be no potential between them, becausethe voltage drop through resistance R .o is equal. to that throughresistance R, and

there will be no difference of potential be tween the middle portionsof: the series of contacts 12 and 13. It is obvious that in inetermediate ositions between the middle portions and t e upper. and lowercontacts 12 and 13 there will be various values of electromotiveforcebetween the brushes inone direction or the other, by means of whichconstruction and operation the excitation of the field D, andconsequently the voltage of the armatureof the auxiliary dynamo G, willvary in directionand amount. with the position-of the brushes 9 and 10.

having a substantially large range of movement in said field. Means areprovided for op 'osin a substantially uniform mechanicalno pn l to t 1emovement ofthe conductor in the working field of force, whereby when thebal' ancebetween the electrical and mechanical forces is disturbed theconductormovesuntil' the balance is restored; The. moving con- 35 ductorreferred to is connected to control the e secured to the frame Fmeansof'the pin X, so that t The controller E isconstructed to provide.a substantially uniform working field of force. in which an electricalconductor is mounted movement ofthe brushes 9 and 10" to "vary the fieldD of the auxiliary dynamo or. booster-crusher C. The controller E may beconstructed in a variety of ways, and one suitable construction whichhas been found to operate efficiently and well is illustrated in thedrawings, although equivalent constructions may be found to operate uponthe same principle as the controller herein disclosed. In theconstruction in this instance the hollow frame F is preferably ofcast-steel, while the field-core G, .preferably of cast-steel orwrought-iron, is adapted to be suitably securedwithin the frame F andfor this pur- 8n ose is provided with the cap H, which may 8 by .meansof the bolts I. As will be seen in the cross-sectional view in Fig. 3',the, frame F and core G are substantially cylindrical, and the core G ishollow to allow the operating-shaft J to have movement therein. The uper end of the hollow core G may be close by a suitable plu K', Aroundthe coreG is arranged the fiel -winding L, adapted to be energized andgo thereby produce a magnetic circuit through the core G and across theair-gap 0 between said core and the surrounding frame F. In

the air-ga O is a substantially uniform useful or-wor ing field of forcereduced by the excitation of-the coil L. urrounding the core G is amovable coil P, adaptedto move alon the axis of the core, the movementof Whic is op osed in one direction by the spring Q. fhen the electricalforce tending roe to move the coil 1? and the pull of the spring are inequilibrium, said cell P remains statlonary. In the construction of theapparatusthe coil- P is preferably wound. upon a brass m5 spool S, in.turn carried. by the brackets or arms '1, preferably of aluminium, whichare adapted .to move in the rooves U in the outer face of the core G,whereby the air-gap is reduced, the movement is guided; and the nocoiliP is preventedflfro'm twisting, although any other-suitablemeansmay be provided for accomplishing these objects. Suitablysecured tothe arms or. brackets T'by=1neans-' ofthescrews V. is provided the'spider: W, preferably. of'aluminium, which is-in turn connected to theoperatin -rod! J I as by e movementrof the coil P is impartedto theoperating-rod J.

The brushes -9 and 10-are suitably connected to therod-J and -'-.movabletherewith; Thehollowportion of the core G forms a dash-pot inconnectionwith the piston Y, connected to the upper end of'the rod-J.The brushes 9 are-suitably secured to-the su rtin :25 piece 11,carriedby'the rod J an .fixedy' secured thereto. While different.construetions may be provided'for the brushespa suitable construction isshown in the draw? ingsifiufrow-which it will be seen that the go 1 edto bear upon the under portions of the I wit, the leads 0 are secured tothe rods-Z.

' this purpose; but as shown in, the drawings 1 The longer arm-a: of therocker sis secured by suitably secured to the supporting-piece 11,v butinsulated'therefrom by means of the in support 11,

' suitable spring work of the apparatus.

- the magnetic tending to oppose and by reason of rocker maybe .varied,because as shown in .means'of the slot 15 and the pin 16,'which permitsthe portion 4) to be moved in and out position. 'Thecord w, asshown, isattached to a block 18, carried bythe screw 19, se-

are fastened to imetallic springs g, t

sulating sleeves and Washers h. Means are providedfor regulating theforce with which the brushes are pressed against the series of contactsor segments 12 and 13, asshown in this instance brackets i being securedto the but insulated therefrom, while bearin -blocks 9' are pivoted tosaid brackets and provided with adjusting-screws k, adaptbrackets 11,whereby adjustment of the screws springs 9 more or less strongly againstthe segments 12 and 13.

' Supported from the frame F by means oi. rods Z, which may be of brass,are the segments comprising the contacts 12 and 13. The resistances Rand RQwhich may be of any suitable character, are suitably connected insections to the insulated segments '12 and 13 "and are placed in anyconvenient location where suitable connections may be made. I

the field-coil L in cirprovided, as shown, passing through severalapertures in the cap H, but insulatedfrom saidv cap. The movable coil Pis connected in circuitby means of the flexible leads p, which, asshown, lead from said coil to binding-posts q on, the bracket 1",

In order to connect To oppose the action of the magnetic force tendingtomove the coil P in one direction, a Q is provided with devices soarranged that there is a substantially uniform mechanical pull exertedby the spring, opposingthe movement of the conductor. Difierentarrangements may be provided for a rockers is pivotally supported by abracket t, secured to the lower portion of the r'rame- The shorter arm aof the rocker has an eccentrically-shaped rim portion '0, and the lowerportion of said arm at is securedby a cord w to the spring Q.

meansof a cord y to crating shaft-or rod P is moved the lower end of theop-. J. As the movable coil upward under the influence of 'eld thespringQ exerts a pull the movement of the coil, the eccentric form ofthe rocker s the moment of the force about the axis of the rockertending to oppose the spring is substantially constant.

The eccentricity of thenportion the thisinstance theportionrisf'adjustable by on the pivot 17 and secured in any desired "the otherside of cured to a block 21, carried to pass.

of the coil .L are connected'incircuit with vious that any change in thelength of the air-gapO,

:the pull upon upward, and

cured in the bracket 20, which projects from the portion a of therocker, whereby the tension of the spring may be slightly varied. At

by the screw 22, secured in the bracket 23, whereby the cord 'y may betightened and loosened.

In order that a greater number of segments or contacts 12 and 13 may bearranged ina small space, these contacts are. arranged in parallelstaggered rows", as shown in Fig. 6, overwhich the brushes 9 or l Oareadapted I The sections of the resistances R and B may be suitablyconnectedto thesegments as arranged in Fig; 6.

In connecting the electromagnetic controller E in circuit in the" systemshown-in Fig. 1 the coils L; and'P are arranged in parallel with eachother arid the combination-of the two coils is connected in series withthe generator A. As'shown in Fig. 1, the leads};1 0 t e main 1), whilethe leads of the coil P are connected to points 25 and 26 on the main b,so that coil P is in parallel to coil L. By the ar rangement describedany increase of load on the generator A will result in'an increase ofcurrent through both coils L and P. The pull on the coil P is of courseproportional to the strength of the current flowing through it and thedensity of the magnetic field through which it travels. It'is thereforeobthe currentthrough the coil L or through both, will cause acorresponding change 111 the electromagnetic force acting, on 0011- P,resulting in movement of said coil until the force of the spring and theforce acting on the coil P to move it are in equilibrium.

Any change, therefore, in the load on the generator A will result in anetic conditions in the regulator E,-whic will give a correspondingchange in the voltage of the auxiliary dynamo C.

The operat" on of the regulator is as follows: The regulator is set fora given normal load, and the externalload being equal thereto themagnetic force due to the current flowing through the regulator E isjust suflicient to make the coil P take aposition half-way down so thatsaid coil is in its middle position. The brushes 9 and 10 will also bein their middle position relae tively to the segments12 and 13, so thatthe excitation of the field D of the auxiliary the rocker the cord-y issechange in the ma 1 TIS dynamo C is zero, and its voltage is also zero.

There is therefore, no tendency on the part of the dynamo G to assistthe storage batteryB either to charge or discharge. When the load on theexternalycircuit exceeds the normal, the pull on the coil P will in.-

crease, due'to a slight increase in -the ein A. Th1s; ncrease1nrent'from the generator the coil P will cause it to move the brushes 9.and .10 Will -bear upon one of the upper pairs of contacts 12 is onlynecessary to use one resistaliee R. instead of separate resistancesconnected to each series of contacts 12 and 13.

D of dynamo C- brushes 9 and 13, thereby giving an excitation to thefield D of dynamo C and causing the dynamo to gel'lerate anelectromotive force which adds itself to that of the battery, causingthe bat-- tery to discharge and assist the generator. Conversely, whenthe external load falls below'the normal the diminished pull upon thecoil P enables the spring Q to pull said coil P below its middleposition, and with it the 10, thereby impressing an electromotive forceon the field D of d amo C in the opposite direction and pror ucing inthe' auxiliary dynamo C an electromotive force in the oppositedirection, which assists the generator-voltage to send current into thebattery. The instant the external load. begins to change the coil P willbegin its movementfin the roper direction and continue moving-until thegenerator-current is restored to its normal value. In other words, thebrushes 9 and 10 will be caused to move to such a point on the contacts12 and 13 that the excitation of field D of auxiliary dynamo C producesa voltage in said dynamo just sullicient to cause the battery to chargeordischarge an amount e ual to the difference between the external loadand the normal generator-load. By correctly proportioning the parts ofthe regulator'it is possible to keep the generator-load constant withina few per cent. of the normal. The changes which have been mentioned astaking place in the generator-current are more strictly tendencies to'change which are checked in their inception.

Referring to Fig. 8, A represents a suitable dynamo or source of sup lyconnected to the mains b 0, while the wor ortion of the system carryingthe external lbad is represented by the conductors d and e. In thisinstance the load is represented by the lamps f by way of illustration.Connected across the mains is shown a storage battery B, in series withwhich is arran ed the armature of the auxiliary dynamo G, the field D ofwhich is connected to be varied both in direction and amount by theelectromagnetic controller, (represented by E,) which controls theresistance R connectedin'circuit with the field- Winding D of dynamo C.The controller E is so connected as to be responsive to changes in theexternal load of lamps f or other electroreceptive devices. Theresistance R maybe connected to any suitable source of exciting-current;but in this instance it is shown connected across the mains b c of thegenerator A. As shown, the sections of the resistance R are connected tothe segments 13 of a circular commutator, while segments 13 areconnected-byv wires 14 to the seg' ments or contacts 12. In thisinstance the and 13 are shown in the 4 of dynamo that through the otherhalf.

necting the seginent s 12and 13 to each other camar- The terminals of'the field-winding are connected by wires 7 and :8 to the brushes 9 and10, carried by amovable arm 11, but suitably insulated therefrom. Asshown, the brushes 9 and 10 are adapted to be-"inoved along theinsulated contacts or segments 12 and 13, to which the sections ofresistance R are connected. Any suitable and convenient arrangement ofresistance, contacts, and brushes may be provided for attaining the endsin view, and I do not limit. myself to the construction shown. Thebrushes are so arranged relatively to the series of contacts or segments12 and 13 that when brush 9 is in its uppermost position, as shown inFig. 1, brush 10 is in its lowermost position, and the current flowingthrough the circuit of the field D C will have a definite direction.position of the brushes 9 and 10 is reversed-- that is to say, whenbrush 10 is uppermost and brush 9 is l0wermostthe direction of thecurrent in the field-circuit of winding D will be reversed.

When the brushes are in the. osition shown in Fig. 1, brush 9 will be att e same potential of the positive side of the source of supply A, whilebrush 10 Will have the potential of the negative side, and there will bebetween these two brushes the full voltage of the source ofexciting-current for the field D, the current assing' from the positivebrush of dynamo through terminal 2 of resistance R across from oneseries of segments to the other and to brush 9, from thence by wire 7'to and through the field D, returning by wire 8 to by Wire 4 back to thenegative main 0 and the negative brush of dynamo. A.

When the brushes are reversed and brush 10 isuppermost, said brush 10will be of positive polarity and brush 9 will'be negative, in which casethe full voltage Will be im pressed upon the brushes 9 and 10, but in areversed direction, the current then passing from the positive brush ofthe dynamo A by Wire 6 to brush 10, thence b wire 8 to and through thefield D, and bae by Wire 7 to brush 9, and from thence to terminal 3 ofresistance R and back by wire 4 to'the negative side of dynamo A.

When the brushes 9 and 10 are on the middle portions of the series ofcontacts 12 and 13, there will be no difference of potential betweenthem, because the voltage drop through one half of resistance R is e ualto that in intermediate middle portions and the upper and lower contacts12 and 13 there will be various values of eleetromotivqforce between theWhen the we through the mam b by wire 6,

It is o vious positions between the- 95': brush 10 to terminal 3 ofresistance R and:

having a rpo 2 10 to vary 5i substantially uniformworking field of forcein which an electric conductor is mounted substantially large range ofmovesaid field. Means are provided for a substantially uniformmechanical pull and the movement of the conductor in the field of force,whereby when the balance between the electrical and mechanical forces isdisturbed the conductor moves until the balance is restored. The movingconductor inent 1n referred to is represented diagrammatically by theletter 1? in Fig. control the 11' and isconnected to movement of thebrushes 9 and the field D ofthe auxiliary dynamotor booster crusher O.

The controller. or regulator E is constructed on the rotary principle,and reference willbe made more particularly to Figs.

9, 10,. and 11 to show the mechanical construction ofsaid regulator asutilized in the system of distribution shown in Fig. 8. The.

.' frame forming thgfield-poles F is preferably of-cast-steel,

and, as shown, the poles are suit: ablycurvcd and provided with meansfor securing hem to the core of the fieldwinding As shown, thefield-poles are secured to the core of, the field-winding L by means ofsuitable bolts Gr, Suitably supported between,,the-poles F by means ofbrackets HQ vis a core 1, preferably of cast-steel orwrought iron. The;field winding L is.

'- adapted to be energized, and .thereby produce .termined arc in amagnetid circuit throughthe core I and across the air-gap Obetwe'en'said core and the surrounding poles 1 Invthe air-gap O is aibstantially uniform, useful, or working field of source produced by theexcitation of Surrounding the core I-'is a movablecoil- Ppreferably'wound upon a ribbon-loop S of copper or aluminium, whichloop. produces the desired damping efiect in the operation of theinstrument. As shown, the coil P and ribbon-loop S are movable through apredethe air-gap 0 between the core I and the poles F. The coilP issuitably mounted upon a shaft Q provided with ballbearings Q andextending axially. through the core I, which core, as already stated, isfixed, being secured in position by the brackfastened to the frame by:

first Withthe position of the brushes mounting may be provided wherebythe coil P and ribbon-loop S are carried bythe shaft Q and rotatabletherewith. Suitable standards S are provided for the shaft, as shown,said standards being secured to the frame by means of suitable screws SThe movement of the. coil P is opposed in one direction by the weight W,connected to the cords X, assing over the pulley Y, fast on the shaftWhen the electrlcal force tending to move the coil P and the pull of theWeight W are in equilibrium, said coil P remains sta tionary. V Mountedupon the bracket 'T and surrounding the shaft Q are the series ofinsulated segments or contacts 12 and 13 .These segments 12 and'13 areshown in dotted iines-in the endview of Fig. 10. The segments arestationary, and the brushes 9? and 10 are mounted for movementrelatively to said segments. As shown, brushes 9 and 10, bear upon theoutside of the segments and .are carried by an arm 11*, but insulatedtherefrom, which arm is in turn mounted upon the sleeve U fixed to theshaft Q as by means of the set-screw U sothat the brushes move withtheshaft.

In connecting the'regulator E in circuitthe terminals of the field-coilL are connected in circuit with one of the mains b c, and the terminals26 of the coil P are likewise connected in circuit, as shown in Fig. 11.The resistance R, which is not shown in Figs. 9, 10, and 11, is alsosuitably connected,.as desired, to the segments of therotary commutator,and the operation of the ap "aratusis as de-- scribed in connection withig'. 8. Various fore obvious that electrical connections may beprovidedfor the coils L and if 5 but, as shown in this in stance,said coils arearranged in parallel with ieach other, and the combination of the twocoilsA is connected in series with the generator By the arrangementdescribed any increase crease of current through both the coils Lportional to t e strength 'ofcurrent flowing through it and the densityof the magnetic field t roughwhich it travels; It is therei any changein the current. through the coil L or through the coil P or throughboth, will cause a corresponding change in the electromagnetieforceacting on in the regulator E,

which-will give a corres ending change in iiar dynamo C.

means of suitable screws H "Any-suitable i 10 in load on the generatorAwill result in an ina and P, The ull on coil P is of course procoil Presulting in the movement of said coil 1 2 5 result in a change in themagnetic, conditions the voltage of the 3 1 T e operation of theregulator is as follows r 5 1 1electrom ative force of the b tatenablesthe weight 1,. 'fckwise, as Fig. 10 is viewed, and With it The regulatoris set for a given normal load, and the external load being equalthereto the magnetic force due to the current flowing through theregulator E isjust sufiicient to make the coil P take a substantiallyVerticalposition, referring to Fig. 10, so that-said coil 1 is betweenthe centers ofthe pole-piece F, in which case the brushes 9 and 10 willbe ori the middle portions of the; series of segments 12 and 13" and theexcitation of the field Dof the auxiliary dynamo C is zero, and itsvoltage is also zero. There is therefore no tendency on the part ofdynamo C to assist. the stora a battery either to charge or discharge.Vhen the load on .the external circuit exceeds the normal, the pull oncoil P will increase, due to a slight'increase in the current from thegenerator A.- This increase in the pull upon the coil P will cause it tomove counter-clockwise, as Fig. 10 is viewed, so that brush .10 will beabove the center of segments-.13 and brush 9 will be beldw. the centerof segments 12, thereby giving an excitation'to the field I) of dynamoand causingthe dynamo to generate anwhich adds itself to that attery,causin the battery to discharge and assist t e generator. Conversely,when the external load falls below the normal the diminished pullnuponthe coil P W to move said coil th ebrushes 9 and 10; thereby impressingan electromotive force on the field I) of dynamo C in the oppositedirection and producing in the auxiliary dynamo C'anelectromotive forcein the opposite-direction, which assists the generator-voltage to sendcurrent into the battery. The instant the external load begins to changethe coil P will be in its movement in the proper direction an continuemoving until the generator-current is restored to its normal value. Inother Words, the brushes 9 and 10 will be caused to moveto such aposition on the contacts 12 and 13 that the excitation of field D ofauxiliary dynamo (J provides-a voltage in said dynamo just suflicient tocause the battery to charge or discharge an amount of current equal tothe difference between the external load and the normal generator-load.'.By correctly proportioning the parts of the regulator it is possible tokeep the generator-load constant Within a few per cent. .of the normal.The changes which have been mentioned as taking place in agenerator-current are more strictly tendencies to change which arechecked in their inception In accordance with this invention a system ofregulation provided with my improved regulator compensates for changesin batteryvoltage due totemperature, electrolyte density, age, and stateof charge, because the movement of the brushes continues until thecurrent conditions are restored, and this ment is direct acting,

. dition, and when the the coil moves until the balance is restored.

range of movement and brush position are independent of the amount ofcurrent change. am aware that devices have heretofore been patented in.which the excitation of an auxiliary generator is varied either in direction orarnount; but these changes have always been made through themedium of a rotating motor which is caused to turn in one direction orthe other as required, being actuated by a relay. Such an arrangementcannot respond so rapidly o'r'so exactly to the fluctuations in the loaddemand as the one herein disclosed and made in accordance with thisinvention, because in. accordance with the present invention the movingcoil, with its brushes, begins to travel the instant there is any changein the external load. The greater the unbalancing of the system the morerapidly will the regulator respond, and since there is no relay used thetime constant 8 is avoided. In my improved regulator the balancaibetweenthe mechanical pull exerted by the weight and the electrical force inthe regulator is independent of the position of the moving art. 'lh.-inertia may be made very sina l and the motion of the coil-tends to dampit, assisting the action of the mechanioal damper before mentioned. Theins tlrug and the inertiaoftl e 5 moving parts is independent of thestrength? of the magnetic field, which isnot the case in an ordinarysolenoid. The force that tends to make the change in the instrument isin a certain proportion to the disturbance of conbalan-ce. is disturbedTogether-with the advantages-set forth, the instrument combines a largeand uniform force, sensitiveness, and a large range of movement. l/Vithanordinary solenoid the movement of the core changes or-vdistortsthefield, and consequently a constant pull is not produced. On thecontrary, in accordance with my invention the field is not changed ordistorted, and I obtain a substantially con-' stant pull at all times. Ia

A mechanical damper may be provided to assist the dam ing effect of theribbon-loop S and damp a arge movement of the coil P" As shown, theouter end of shaft Q is pro vided with a downwardly-extending arm 72/,to which the side ieces i are-secured by screw These si e pieces carryset-screws 7r, an ,between'them is arran ed the flexible ring Z, securedto the arm [and carryin t e paddle 0 movable in the trou h p, hlle withglycerin, preferably. It wil be seen that upon a small movement of coilP the addle will not be moved, because thespring 125 will bend; but upona large [movement of coil I the top of the paddle will bear upon one ofthe set-screws 7a and, the'bladeofthe paddlawill move through thelyoerin.

Instead of providing a substantiallycon- 4-39;

stant field of force in the regulator a variable field may be provided,and the movement of the conductor may be opposed by a spring of variabletension, so that the strength of the fieldof force increases with thetension of the spring, whereby for agiven change in electricalconditions the movingcoil will travel' until the current saidconductor,t bein equal to'the opposing mechanical force conditions are re storedto normal. The pull of themagnetic field will be equal to the tension ofthe spring in all positions of the moving coil throughout the wholerange oftravel, because as the ,strength of the .lspring' increases.with a given electrical condition will be the field increases the pullof the -The tendency to move same'at all parts of the magnetic. field.The essential features 0 the apparatus of the character described"comprise a useful field of force, an electric conductor mounted formovement in said field and having a substantially large range ofmovement, and mechanical force opposing the movement of e pull of thefield of force in al positions of the moving conductor throughout thewhole range of travel, wherestrument the tendency of the conductor tomcge is the same in all parts of the magnetic fie v I claim, and desireto obtain by Letters Pat;- ent, the following: Y

1. The combination with a work-circuit, a

-' dynamo-electric source of supply connected grcuit, a booster thereto,a batteryiconnected to thework-cirincluded between the source'of with agiven electrical condition in the in-' supply and the battery and aregulating dee" vice for controlling'the electromoti-{ve-force of thebooster connected in circuit betweenthe-- source of supply and thebattery, said reguv,latin'g device comprising means tending -to adjustit in one direction by the current passing through it from the source ofsupply, and

; means opposed thereto and tending to adjust justing 'means 'at allpositions it in anopposite direction, the said two adbeing substantiallybalanced throughout the range of adjustment at a given normal currentfrom the said source of supply, whereby a slight variation from saidnormal booster until the normal current is substantially'restored. v c i2. The combination with-*a-gwork-circuit, a

supply-circuit, a storage of the battery andan electroresponsive deviceconnected in circuit and controlling suitcurrent will cause the Iadjustment of the regulating device and thereby vary the elec'tromotive:force of the able'means for effecting variation of the elec-' tromotiveforce of the booster-dynamo, said electroresponsive device-havingfl adefinite range of travel, and motion taking lace in said devicev when.the electrical' con the circuit "energizing said} device changes,

'tion' of a te y, a boosterdynamo controllingjohe charge and dis hthereto, a storage battery,

given electromagnetic 'energization of which motion continues until theelectrical condition of the energizing-circuit is restored to normalvalue.

3. The combination with a source of supply, supply and work circuitsconnected a booster-dynamo controlling the charge and discharge of thebattery and an electroresponsive device connected in circuit in suchmanner as to be traversed by a substantially constant current andcontrolling suitable means for efi'ecting variation of the electromotiveforce, of the booster-dynamo, whereby motion takes place in saidelectroresponsive device when the electrical condition of the circuitenergizing the same changes, which motion continues until the electricalcondition of the energizingcircuit is restored to normal value.

' 4. The combination with a source of supply and supply-mains, a storagebattery and a booster-dynamo controlling the charge and stantiallyuniform mechanical pull opposing the movement of said conductor wherebymovement in said field, and means for producing a subwhen the balancebetween the electrical and mechanical forces is'disturbed by changes inthe external load of the system, 'theconduc tor moves until the balanceisrestor ed by the restoration of the electrical condition of thesupply-mains to normal value.

'5. The combination with a source of supply and supply-mains, a storagebattery and a booster-dynamo controlling the charge an discharge of thebattery, of an electromagnetic controller operatively connected incircuit and controlling suitable means for efiecting variation of thefield of the booster-dyname in accordancewith changes in the externalload of the system, said electrical con troller having a definite rangeof travel and having poles arranged to produce a field of forcesubstantially uniform throughout its working range, produced by asubstantially l constant current, a conductor carrying a cur rent andmounted for movementin and by the said field of force, means foropposing a force equal to the pull of said conductor at each position inits range of movement for athe parts whereby a substantial variation inthe parts from afixed amount due to changes in the external loadof thesystem will tend to cause a movement throughout the entireelectromagnetic energization of oneof said 3 zation at any positiontor-dynamo controlling the charge and dislorces constant with atar-dynamo controlling able member movesrange while the said variationcontinues and until the restoration of the electrical condition of thesup )ly-mains to normal value.

The com inationof a source of supply and simply-mains, a stora ebatteryand booster-dynamo controlling t e charge; and discharge of the battery,an electromagnetic controller connected in circuit and controllingsuitable meansfor effecting variation of the field of thebooster-dynamoin accordance with changes in the external load of thesystem, said controller having a definite range of travel and asubstantially constant magnetic field produced by a substantiallyconstant current, a current-ener 'ized member movable with respect tosaid held and tend- .ing to move when both the field and moving 7 Imember are energized, and means for producr g an elastic force opposingsaid motion and irelated to the electromagnetic forces as'to m a'ke thedifference between the two said forces constant with a given degree ofenergiin the range of travel of the movable member, whereby when thebalance between the electric and elastic forces is disturbed by changesin the external load of the system the movable member moves until thebalance is restored by the restoration of the electrical condition ofthe supply-mains to normal value.

7. The combination of asource of supply and supply-mains, a storagebattery and booscharge of the batter an electromagnetic;controllerconnected in circuit and controlling suitable means foreil'ecting variation of the field of the booster-dynamo in accordancewith changes in. the external load of the system, said controller havina definite range of travel and a substantiall constant magnetic fieldproduced by a substantially constant current, a current-one gized membermovable with respect to said field and tending to move when both thefield and moving member are energized, means for producing an elasticforce opposing said motion and so related to the electromagnetic forcesas to make the difference between the two said given degree ofenergization at any position in the range of travel of the movablemember, the control being effccted directly by said movable member,whereby'when the balance between the electric and elastic forces isdisturbed by changes at, the external load I until the balance isrestored by the restoration of the electrical condition of thesupply-mains to normal value.

8. The combination of a source of supply and supply-mains, a stora ebattery and bjoos t to charge and discharge of the battery, anelectromagnetic controller connected'in circuit and-controlling suitablemeans for cheating variation of the field of the booster-dynamo inaccordance of the system the movwith changes in the-external load of thesystem, said controller having a definite range of travel and a.substantially constant magnetic field produced by a substantiallyconstant current, a curren t-energized member movable with respect tosaid field and tending to move when both the field and moving member areenergized, means for producing an elastic force opposing said motion andso related to the electromagnetic forces as to make vthe differencebetween the two said forces constant with. a given degree ofenergization at ,anyposition in the range of travel of the movab emember, the tendency to move and speed 'of motion being proportional tothe change in degree. of energization, whereby when the balance betweenthe electric and elastic forces is disturbed-by changes in the externalload of the system the movable member moves until the balance isrestored by the restoration of the electrical condition of thesupply-mains to normal value. v 9. The combination of a source of supplyand sup ly -mainsi a storage battery and boosterynamo controlling thecharge-and dischar e of the battery, an electromagnetic controlfierconnected in circuit and controlling suitable means for effectingvariation of the field of the booster-dynamo in accordance with changesin the external load of the system, 7 said controller having a definiterange of travel and a substantiall constant magnetic field produced byiasu stantially constant current, ,a current-energized .member movablewith respect to said field and tending to move when both the field andmoving producing an elastic force opposing said motion and so related tothe electromagnetic forces as to make the difference between the twosaid forces constant with a 'ven degree of energization at any osition1n the range of travel of the movab e member, the time required to movefrom one position to some other position being inversely roportional tochan es in the electrical condition of the cirtric an elastic forces isdisturbed by changes in the. external load of the system the movablemember moves until the balance is restored by the restoration of theelectrical condition of the supply-mains to normal value.

10. The combination with a work-circuit, and astorage battery having itscharge and a resistance connected to the field-windin of said dynamo tocause a variation in its e ectromotive force when the amount of saidresistance is varied and an electroresponsive device controlling saidresistance, having'a definite range of motion to vary the res1stancefrom zero to a maximum, which device member are energized, means forvcuit rom which theco'ntroller is energized, whereb T when the balancebetween the elecbcgm to move if the current through it.

IOC

discharge controlled by a booster-dynamo, of

earner varies irem;the.normal value for which it is adjusted,andwillcontinue to move until the end of its range'of travel is reached unlessthe current through it be restored to normal be-- fore this position isattained. I

and a storage battery, having its charge and discharge controlled by abooster-dynamo, a fixed resistance .connect'ed to the boosterfield, theelectromotive force of said booster bein varied by varying the amount ofsaid 'fixe resistance connected to thebooster- ,field, anelectroresponsive device, said varia tion being effected by variation inposition of ksjsaid electroresponsive device which has a definiterangeof travel and in which motion takes-place'when the electrical conditionof the circuit energizing said device changes; said motion continuinguntil the electrical condition of the energizing-circuit is restored toits normal value.

12.. The combination with a work-circuit, a :5," ,ra; battery, and anauxiliary generator, controlling battery charge and discharge, of afixed resistance electrical connectionv with the field-winding of saidauxiliary generator, and an electroresponsive device directly acting tovary the amount of said fixed resistance in circuit, and thereby varythe potential of saidauxiliary generator, said electroresponsive devicehaving a definite range of motion, the opposition to motion of theresistancechanging mechanism being" tion, which motion is resisted bythefriction of the device and means for exerting an additional opposingforce, the sum of these two resisting forces being equal to the pull ofthe electroresponsive device, for one value only 1 of'current throughsaid electroresponsive device independent of the position of the devicein its range at tr s tv'el.

14. he combination with awork-circuit,

a storage battery, and an auxiliary generator, controlling batterycharge and discharge, of afixed resistance in electrical connection withthe field-winding of said auxiliary genorator, and anelectroresponsive[device directl'y'acting to vary the amount of saidfixed resistance, and thereby vary the potential of saidauxiliarygenerator, said electroresponsive device having a definiterange of motion which motion is resisted by the friction of the 65,device and an additional opposing force,

- 11. The combination with a work-circuit,

substantially, constant for any position of the- 13. The combinationwith a work-circuit,

with the field-winding of said auxiliary genthese two resisting forcesand the force set up by current through the electroresponsive device,being in balance at any point in the range of travel, when the saidcurrent has a fixed, predetermined value.

15. The combination with asource of supply," a storage battery, and anauxiliary dynamo, of an electromagnetic controller operatively connectedto vary the field of the auxiliary'dynamo in accordance with changestroller having a substantially uniform working field of force, anelectric conductor mounted for a substantially large range of movenientin said field, and a substantially uniform mechanical pull opposing themovement of said conductor, whereby'when the balance betweentheele'ctrical and mechanical forces is disturbed, the conductor movesuntil the balanceis restored.

16; The combination with a source of s11- ply, a storage battery, and anauxiliary dynamo, of an electromagnetic controller, operativelyconnected to'vary the field of the auxiliary dynamo in accordance withchanges in the external load of the system, said electrical controllerhaving poles arranged (to produce a field of force substantially uniformthroughout its working'range, a conductor mounted for movement in and bythe said "fieldof force, means for op osing a force equal to the pull ofsaid con uctor at each position in its range of movement for a givenelectromagnetic energization ofv the parts, v whereby a substantiavariation-in the electromagnetic energization of one of the said partsfrom a'fixed amount will tend to cause a movement throughout the entirerange while the said variation continues.

sating for changes on the work-circuit and booster for controlling thecharge and dis- 'zed member movable with respect to said Tibld, andtending to move when both the field and moving member are energized,means exerting a mechanical force opposing said motion and so related tothe electromagnetic force to make the difierence between the two forcesconstant with a given degree of energization at any position in therange of travel of the movable member.

18. The combination of a source of supply, a worlecircuit a storagebattery for compensating' for changes 0..: the work-circuit and boosterfor controlling the charge and-discharge of the battery and an electriccontroller having a magnetic field, a current-enerfield and movingmember are energized, means exerting mechanical force opposing intheexternal load of the system, said coni 17. The cdmbination of asource of supply, a work-circuit a storage batteryfor compenw charge ofthe battery and an electric c0ntrol-. ler having a magnetic held, acurrent-enor gized. member movable withrespect to saidfield, andtending; te move when both the" said motion and so related. totheelectromagr .0

' a work-circuit a storage battery for compensating for changes on thework-circuit and booster for controlling the charge and discharge of thebattery and an electric controller having a magnetic field, acurrent-energized member movable with respect to said field, and tendingto move when both the field and moving member are energized, means forexerting a mechanical force opposing said motion and so related to theelectromagnetic force as to make the dill'erence between the two saidforces constant with a given degree of energization at any position. inthe range of travel of the movable member, the tendency to move andspeed of motion being proportional to the change in degree ofenergization.

20. The combination oi'- a source of supply, a Work-cir unit a storagebattery for qnn'pensating for changes on the work-circuit and boosterfor controlling the charge and discharge'ofthe battery and an electriccontroller having a magnetic field, a current-energized member movablewith respect to said field, and tending to n ove when both the field andmoving member are energized, means for exerting a mechanical forceopposing said motion and so related to the electromagnetic force as tomake the difference betweenthe two said forces constant with a givendegree of energization at any position in the range of travel of themovable member, the time re quired to move from one position to someother position being inversely proportional to the change in theelectrical condition of the circuit, from which the controller isenergized.

21. The combination of a source of supply, a Work-circuit, a batteryassisting the source of supply and a regulator controlling the chargeand discharge of the battery,'said regulator being adapted to move whenthe load on the souree of supply begins to vary from the 22. Thecombination of'a source of supply,

a booster connected in circuit, a work-circuit,

a battery assisting the source of su(p ly and a regulator controllingthe charge an r ischarge of the, battery, said regulator startingto movewhen the load on the work-circuit begins to vary from the average andcontinues to move until the energy given out bytlie battery or absorbedthereby compensates for the increase or decrease of energy demanded bythe Work-circuit. v p

23. The combination of a Work-circuit, a main source. of electricalsupply adapted to feed the work-circuit, an auxiliary source-ofelectrical supply assisting the main source of supply and aneleetroresponsive regulator controlling the energy delivered by saidauxil iary source of supply, said regulator being adapted to move whenthe load on the main source of supply begins to vary from. the averageand continues to move until the current is restored to average value bythe action of the auxiliary source.

24.- The combination of a Work-circuit, a main source of electricalsupply adapted to feed the work-circuit, an auxiliary source ofelectrical supply assisting the main source of supply and anelectroresponsive regulator controlling the energydelivered' by saidauxiliary source of supply, said regulator beingadapted to move when theload on the main source of supply begins to vary from a predeterminedamount and continues to move untll the current 1s restored. to saidpredetermined amount by the action of the auxiliary source.

lntestimony WhereofI have signed this specification in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

JOSEPH BIJU R.

